Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders that result in the body's immune system attacking itself. There are over 80 types that impact different parts of the body. A common condition associated with several autoimmune diseases is dry eyes.

Dry Eye Syndrome: What Is It?

Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes don't produce enough tears, or when the tears evaporate too quickly due to a lack of the oils needed for sufficient lubrication. This makes the eyes dry, red, itchy, and irritated.

DES is often caused by environmental factors, like exposure to dry wind and air, not blinking enough while looking at a digital device or while reading, and certain eye makeup — but it can also result from an underlying autoimmune disease. Left untreated, dry eye syndrome can result in chronic eye inflammation and even corneal ulcers and permanent vision loss in severe cases.

Why Do Autoimmune Diseases Cause Dry Eyes?

Autoimmune diseases can disrupt the normal functioning of the tear glands by prompting the immune system to mistakenly attack them. Treating the autoimmune disease can often help alleviate dry eye symptoms. At the same time, some medications used to manage autoimmune disease symptoms may actually exacerbate DES.

Types of Autoimmune Disease That Cause Dry Eye

• Sjogren's Syndrome — Best known for targeting the tear and salivary glands, leading to chronically dry mouth and eyes.
• Lupus — Can affect different parts of the body, including the eyes, causing dry eye and other eye problems.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis — In addition to inflamed joints, rheumatoid arthritis can affect the eye's glands and other structures.
• Thyroid Eye Disease — The immune system can cause inflammation in the tissues around the eyes and trigger dry eye syndrome.
• Type 1 Diabetes — High blood sugar can affect the eye's ability to produce tears and speed up tear evaporation.

It's important to see an eye doctor if you're experiencing symptoms of dry eye syndrome, and to mention any autoimmune disease in your medical history.

Dry Eye Treatment in Kettering

Schedule a dry eye exam at Dayton Optometric Center in Kettering, Ohio. We can help. Call (937) 228-2020.